IRF2005会议论文摘要 W32：智能交通系统与交通管理II
更新时间：2005年07月08日 来源： 作者：
第十五届国际道路联盟世界会议 ——会议论文摘要
W32：智能交通系统与交通管理II
173可变信息标志在西班牙的现状与未来的发展趋势。欧洲12966规范的修改版。
作者：西班牙，Ingeniero De Caminos, Canales Y Puertos，Angel J. Muñoz Suárez
The first steps for implementing variable message signs in Spain began at the start of the 1980s, on other words, over 20 years ago.
The panels applying prism, cell and electromechanical technology and subsequently fibre optics were limited in the number of messages they could display, which were preconfigured and in many cases involved a particular definition specific to the sections where they were located.
The appearance of the first LEDs in the early 1990s put an end to many of these limitations, created versatility and provided chromaticity which was, however, limited owing to the absence of blue LEDs that were unknown at the time. As LED technology progressed and blue LEDs were successfully produced, these barriers fell, making it possible to reproduce virtually the complete chromatic scale.
This breakthrough was in turn accompanied by a significant improvement in the luminic intensity, increased contrast levels and consequent clarity of display along with other control and position storage facilities currently being provided.
From the present onwards, advances will tend to affect aspects such as increased resolution and contrast levels, colour and individualised pixel control, creation of improvements in and broadening of chromatic displays and implementation of telemaintenance technologies whose effects on LED-based variable signs allows us to discern a new and innovative future .
Moreover, a new stage has commenced as a result of the need to adapt variable message signs to the Draft European Regulation 12966 currently at the approval and application stage.
174道路交通管理设备与安装控制新技术及其在可变信息板中的应用
作者：西班牙，Odeco Electronica, S.A，José Mª Martinez Bort
The Panel of Variable Message is an essential element in the roads, their messages avoid accidents every day, congestions, reduce the pollution, improve the life quality of the driver and, also, improve the actual and future economical productivity conditions of all the citizens, organizations and the economical system in general.
These benefits so obvious are associated to an strategy for the Administrations to provide to the roads with intelligent systems to make them more sure.
This is the reason why the Panel has to be considered as a valid element, strong, reliable and that it offers an added value to the roads.
The vision that we have in the functional aspects of a Panel tend to be obsoletes in short time, the apparition of embedded systems in the industry together with the progress of the operative system LINUX will incorporate benefits to the Panels, like increasing of resolution, TCP/IP communications, image processing, bluetooth, new information processing system, databases, management of new peripherals (radar, license plate reader, weather stations, …).
A benefit for which the Panel has not been created and that would revolutionize its use, is the creation of a “Beowulf” cluster which will allow to the Administrations, Universities, Private Companies and Organisms to use the embedded system net to do supercomputation works without reducing in an atom the benefits for which has been created.
175建立可变信息标志的原则
作者：中国，同济大学，Wu Sufeng
For making use of the road resources effectively, many cities have established the variable message signs (VMS) in the important section of the highway. But because of lacking the theories about how to set the variable message signs, many of the VMS is not efficiency. To increase efficiency of the VMS, this text launches the research to this based on the information theories, behavior theories, effect theories. Finally puts forward the principle to establish the VMS, and takes Shanghai for an example, putting forward how to establish the VMS in this city. The main principle includes: 1. The location of the VMS. 2. The size and form of the VMS. 3. The contents of the VMS.
176在道路收费中使用电子收费系统及其对东京城市快速路交通系统的影响
作者：日本，城市快速路股份有限公司，Koki Honda
In the greater Tokyo area, MEXWAY plays a crucial role in supporting our daily lives and Japan’s dynamic economics as a fundamental infrastructure. MEXWAY currently has a 281km-long network and carries over 1.1 million vehicles a day.
Toll rates on MEXWAY are fixed within each of the Tokyo, Yokohama and Saitama areas, regardless of travel distance, and toll is collected at each entrance gate (Flat Toll System). Some short trip users are complaining about the unfairness of the Flat toll system, because they don’t have enough benefit.
The Electronic Toll Collection System (ETC) was introduced to MEXWAY in 2000. Because travel speed at tollgates of ETC users is higher than that of non-ETC user, traffic congestion at tollgates will be relieved with the increase of ETC users. And cost to collect toll with ETC system is less than that without ETC. Therefore, ETC users should be increased as soon as possible.
Also, ETC enables several toll systems other than Flat Toll System. One of them is Distance-based Toll System which is more impartial for each user than Flat Toll System. Distance-based Toll System can be introduced by checking signals from ETC antennas at both entrance and exit gates. Considering the introduction of Distance-based Toll System in the future, and to
increase ETC users, some experimental road pricing measures, reduced rate only for ETC users have been performed as follows. 1) Special reduced rate in the rural area for the ETC track users to improve the road environment in the urban area 2) Special reduced rate for the short trip ETC users 3) Special dynamic reduced rate during the night
This report will introduce their outline and impact on the traffic condition of these measures
177 Hanshin高速公路交通模拟网的发展现状
作者：日本，Hanshin高速公路股份有限公司，Yasuhiro Ishii
INTRODUCTION In November 2003, we installed the HEROINE (Hanshin Expressway Real-time Observation based & Integrated Network Evaluator) to the traffic control system of Hanshin Expressway. HEROINE is a system to forecast traffic flow and to evaluate various traffic measures within a large road network, and the purposes are to support work of traffic control operation, to evaluate traffic management measures, and to realize providing traffic forecast.
SYSTEM CONFIGURATION Based on the traffic data gathered by the traffic control system, HEROINE functions with following sub-systems; 1) Traffic Demand Estimation Subsystem, which predicts in-flow traffic volume every 5 minutes; 2) Flow Subsystem, which simulates movement of vehicles on the road; 3) Route Choice Subsystem, which chooses a route for each vehicle unit at the route sections; 4) Aggregation/ Disaggregating Subsystem, which administers data of vehicles; 5) Traffic Control Subsystem, which implements on-ramp controls; 6) Output, Store Subsystem.
THE OPERATION PROCEDURE The operation procedure of HEROINE is as follows; 1) Short Term Traffic Forecast, which automatically predicts traffic conditions in the near future (up to 90 minutes later); 2) Real-time Traffic Forecast for Evaluating Alternative Measures, which evaluates traffic measures such as traffic regulation and on-ramp control; 3) Long Term Traffic Forecast, which provides traffic forecasts for a future time (up to 24 hours later) to support user’s travel planning; 4) Evaluation of Traffic Management Measures, which provides traffic forecasts for a desired condition using traffic measures (regulation, on-ramp control, etc).
RESULT OF THE VALIDATION We evaluated the system by comparing the predicted data of the Short Term Traffic Forecast to actual results of traffic conditions. To compare them, the correlation coefficient exceeded 0.9, which indicated a satisfying performance of the forecast. Also, comparison between forecasts of congestion and actual traffic congestion showed that the heading points of the congestion and its occurring time were almost the same.
CLOSING It is necessary for us to improve the accuracy of the model system by evaluating and analyzing a long-term performance of the system. And we are going to continuously update and improve the performance to become a useful tool for not only traffic control officers but also regular users.
178车辆的局域信息数据库服务
作者：西班牙，Sistemas Y Montajes Industriales, S.A.，Alberto De Laorden-Santiuste
The mobile access service to Intranet is an alternative method for meeting the growing market demands for solutions based on mobile access to corporate Local Area Networks.
The mobile access service to Intranet provides the possibility for remote equipment to access the Control Centre through GPRS and UMTS technology.
In the particular scenario of traffic management networks, the auxiliary channel for wireless communication between Control Centres and Remote Stations governing variable message panels and traffic and weather data collection stations makes it possible to set up a sufficiently fast and safe data connection both in the case of remote and isolated stations located in areas lacking cable-based infrastructure and in the case of cable-connected remote stations which have lost communication with fixed lines.
The service planned consists of user-originated data communication between the applications located in the Intranet/Control Centre and the end users/remote units. The main advantages obtained with this solution are: - possibility of centralising corporate applications through a single server permitting remote access, instead of opting for a distributed solution, thereby facilitating maintenance of the applications: - tariffs charged on volume of data exchanged and not on connection time; - permanent connection; - extremely simple infrastructure.
179基于无线网络技术的高速公路交通信息管理应用
作者：中国，河南省交通部，Yanmei Bai
Now highway transportation administration information makes much progress, which mainly concentrates on the information management technology and the internal information share. There are not still paid more attention to the client object of transportation administration, especially the information interaction among the transportation proprietors. Currently the majority of information interaction technology is based on the wire network technology, but the information in the transportation trade has inherent characteristic of updating rapidly and random work place etc., which result in that the information interaction cannot be achieved in time on the platform of wire network. As a rising concept, the wireless network technology has many advantages, such as high speed, low cost, wide area of transmission and so on, which provide the technology support to solve the question above-mentioned. So the wireless network technology are applied to the highway transportation management and the corresponding system are developed to make the managers efficient. The management system includes the transportation administration wireless online inspection system (TAWIS) and the transportation proprietor wireless inquisition system (TPWIS), in which the wireless equipment (such as PDA, mobile phone) is chosen as the interaction tool, and SMS (short message service) is used as the information expression mode. Applying wireless net technology, the real-time information interaction between the transportation proprietor and the transportation administration management dept. will come true; the transportation administration management can be improved; and the transportation administration service increment can be realized also. It provides a new idea for the promotion of transportation administration information further.
180巴伦西亚市的全球通信系统
作者：西班牙，Etra集团，Volkert J.W.S. Samplonius
In 1970 the first entirely Spanish centralised traffic control system was installed and put into service in Valencia. After these 35 years of constant operating experience, innovation and development in search of new solutions, advances and improvements in all urban road management fields, the current centralised system now controls 903 intersections, 2,850 detectors, 650 CCTV cameras, an information system comprised of over 100 panels, a web page and an artificial vision system for the automatic detection of incidents, traffic gauging and automatic origin-destination analysis processes.
The communications network of the Urban Traffic Control System in the city of Valencia is in a process of transformation towards a multimedia network. One of the most complex tasks in the new system is video encoding and transmission over an IP network. Some commercial Video-Over-IP solutions have been analysed. Nevertheless, all of them are based on hardware and software closed solutions. This article presents the system that will be installed in Valencia. The design of the new system is based on standard, and widely available, hardware; open source software; and standardised communication protocols.
