IRF2005会议论文摘要 W18: 设计与施工
更新时间：2005年07月06日 来源： 作者：
第十五届国际道路联盟世界会议 ——会议论文摘要
W18: 设计与施工
097 日本PPP公司最新的路面技术研发成果
作者：Takeshi Nakamura, 长冈技术科学大学, 日本
In 1945 when World War Two was over, the total length of national highways in Japan stood at 9,500 km, of which paved portions accounted for only about 17%. In addition, most parts of the highways were damaged by the war and left in ruin. As such, a full-scale road improvement work in this country was started after the war.
Immediately after the end of the war, Japanese road administers could not revive their country without cooperation of private pavement companies because of the lack of construction machines, materials and labor force. For this reason, the Japan Road Contractors Association was established by voluntary engineers of the private companies (in 1945) and the association willingly participated in the reconstruction work of the country.
Before the war, Japan did not have pavement technologies comparable to those in European countries and the United States of America. So that the research and development of pavement technologies in this country after the war started with the introduction of European and US practices. Since then, technical development unique to Japan has emerged along with the progress of reconstruction and economic growth.
With this background, private pavement companies in Japan have been extensively involved in the research and development of pavement technology up to now. Ten or more companies in higher ranking have their own research institute and are carrying out the activities, including their original ones.
The outputs have been presented at technical conferences and published in technical magazines, which have been contributing to the advancement of pavement technology in Japan.
This paper reports on the history of research and development of pavement technology during the time from the end of the war to the present by looking at the papers reported in conference proceedings and technical magazines in terms of their content, contributing institutions/authors and number.
The paper can be taken as a chronological description of pavement technologies in Japan, which reflects the political as well as socio-economical needs of the country.
098 如何在不到一年的时间内完成一个国家的道路网络建设蓝图
作者：Jon Baston-Pitt , Aperio Limited, 英国
This paper summarises the lessons learnt, and the benefits gained from a World Bank funded GPR survey of the principal road network of Indonesia’s 3 main islands. Completed in 2001 the project demonstrated the viability of GPR surveys on a national network scale, and provided knowledge that can be transferred to other countries.
Challenges addressed include: co-ordinating the GPR survey with other highway test data, training a team of local technicians to collect the data, maintaining kit for 7 day a week operation 25,000km from base, and data processing and reporting to comply with World Bank requirements.
By reporting the road pavement construction thickness every 500m the survey improved the processing of other test data such as Falling Weight Deflectometer, and contributed to improved asset management of the nations main transport infrastructure. With the bulk of fieldwork conducted by local people it also contributed to the local economy in terms of income and knowledge transfer.
099 解决地下高速公路岔道处的施工难题
作者：Takemasa Yamada, Sumitomo Mitsui Construction Co.,Ltd., 日本
This paper describes the structure and construction of the Central Circular Shinjuku Route portion of the Metropolitan Expressway, specifically focusing on the strategy for solving various design difficulties. The route forms the 11-km-long western part of the 48-km-long Central Circular Route, and will ease the chronic and severe traffic congestion of the central Tokyo area.
The cut and cover method has been applied to the construction; however, the shield tunneling method has been adopted for approximately 70 percent of the route to mitigate the impact on the neighboring environment and the heavy traffic located directly above the route. Four turnoffs in this non-excavated zone are to be constructed as follows: firstly, two tunnels for the main road are to be constructed underground without open excavation. Next, after the construction of the tunnels, the excavation for the turnoff structures, entrances/exits and junctions are to be partly executed from the ground level to reduce the cutting area compared with the overall excavation of the main road and turnoffs. Finally, the shield tunnels and turnoff structures are to be connected.
While adopting this construction procedure, many technical issues have been raised, such as leakage and flushing problems due to high groundwater levels and the instability of the surrounding ground. One of the biggest challenges is to establish a method to design the connections between the steel segments of the shield tunnels and the concrete bodies of the approach ways. We propose a reasonable and appropriate design method, based on experiments with large-scale models and analyses.
100 街道施工对于道路交通的影响和成本评估
作者：Seiichi Onodera, 日本土木研究所, 日本
The construction work on the existing road such as pavement repair and underground pipe laying is indispensable to develop lifeline network and to ensure smooth and safe road traffic. However, it has much impact on road traffic and surrounding environment such as traffic congestion, noise and vibration during the work, because of traffic regulation on the existing road.
In order to figure out the impact of on-street construction work on the existing road traffic, a series of trial calculation and simulation were conducted and scale of traffic congestion depend on the deference of work process, traffic regulation and road traffic condition was studied. Moreover, the calculation of social economic loss due to the traffic congestion in conjunction with on-street construction work was attempted, and the effect of introduction of new technology of on-street work for reduction of adverse impact was calculated based on a work site condition.
101 路拌技术在新公路和损坏公路改建施工中的应用
作者：Hans-Josef Kloubert , 宝马格公司, 德国
For many years throughout the world BOMAG’s mix-in-place method has been used to produce base and sub base layers for highway construction and for the reconstruction of failed road and highway pavements. The process is highly flexible in use on both small and large construction sites with its low overall costs and high productivity. In the last few years the use of foamed bitumen as a binding agent or the combination of foamed bitumen and cement has met a growing interest on an international level.
For the application of the mix-in-place method only soil stabilizers or recyclers developed especially for this purpose and including dosing equipment can be used, which have good mixing quality and can assure constant working depth along with exactness concerning water and/or binder dosing.
The paper presents highway design examples with mix-in-place foam bitumen bounded layers, mix design studies by using special foam bitumen laboratory equipment, the construction process and guidelines for the applications of the mix-in-place method as well as different highway jobs carried out in Europe, Middle East and the Far East.
102 厚壁板FE网格生成综合算法
作者：Lei Wang, 吉林大学, 中国
For the components of the steel-prestressed concrete and the reinforced concrete possessing complex shape structure, it can analyse with body element, its element mesh can meet complex geometry shape and has higher precision. Hexahedron element is superior to tetrahedron element in lots of aspects and calculation precision. But the preparation of the mesh data of body element will spent much time. For tens of years, numerous scholars have worked for the research of automatic hexahedron mesh generation. At present, the representative methods of automatic hexahedron mesh generation are as follows, mapping method, scanning method, and grid-based method, expanded. AFT method and multi-sub domain region method. But the problem of the completely automatic hexahedron mesh generation for complex three-dimension entity could not get the solution on genuine meaning all along. The reinforced concrete and the steel-prestressed concrete thick wainscot structures are composed of some obturated shells; between shells it is possible to have containing relationship. This paper that focuses on the finite element mesh generation for the concrete thick wainscot components, analyses the present mesh generation methods for solid entity. On the basis of using the solid entity’s topological structure that is built with the method put forward by self for the three-dimension steel-prestressed concrete’s and reinforced concrete’s components, it describes a kind of algorithm of generating hexahedron meshes for the solid model automatically: � Dispose nodes in every shell surface and establish connective relation between nodes. �Replenish node connective relation between shells. Assemble all shells and number for all nodes with the dynamic plan method as a whole and generate elements according to node connective relation. The FE meshes for thick wainscot structure can be generated automatically with this algorithm, element quality is well, and it has wide application prospect.
